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她從美的光彩走來,像夜空皎潔的繁星

She walks in beauty, like the night/

Of cloudless climes and starry skies;/

And all that’s best of dark and bright/

Meet in her aspect and her eyes:/

Thus mellow’d to that tender light/

Which heaven to gaudy day denies. One shade the more, one ray the less,/

Had half impair’d the nameless grace/

Which waves in every raven tress,/

Or softly lightens o’er her face;/

Where thoughts serenely sweet express/

How pure, how dear the dwelling-place. And on that cheek, and o’er that brow,/

So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,/

The smiles that win, the tints that glow,/

But tell of days in goodness spent,/

A mind at peace with all below,A heart whose loves is innocent!

晨曦

"She Walks in Beauty" 是19世紀初著名的英國浪漫主義詩人拜倫的傾心之作。

從詩人的技法以及詩內外所體現的美之純粹來對該詩進行賞析,並結合以往翻譯家對該詩的理解來讓更讀者對此詩有更貼切和更深入的欣賞。

對大自然的崇拜是浪漫主義詩人的共同特點。拜倫在"She Walks in Beauty"這首詩裡,把人的感情昇華到與大自然交融的高度,匠心獨運地運用大自然明淨和深沉的意向對比,尤其是光影結合的運用,抒發了“她”的出現引發的心靈震撼,

精心製造了自然與純真、靈與肉完美統一的浪漫主義意境。

浪漫

這是一首歌頌女性美的抒情詩,詩中女性是詩人表妹威爾莫特夫人(Mrs.Wilmot)。

1814年六月,詩人在一次舞會上遇到這位身著孝服的表妹時,為她那烏黑的長髮,嬌美的容貌以及她身上所圍繞的各種光與影所震顫,

遂成此詩。

詩的標題中的動詞“walk”一開始就把讀者的身和心都拉了進來。她不僅是向詩人走來,而是向我,向你走來。

美是流動的。妙處似漢語中“流光溢彩”中的“流”和“溢”。讀者就隨著這個“走”進入了一個光影交織美輪美奐的意境。

詩文也是流動的,明快而輕柔,牽制著詩人和讀者的感受隨著“她”的身姿倩影而移動。

詩文開頭一句和標題一致,節奏緊湊,不容許讀者有任何走神的空隙,

一直凝視著走來的美麗女子。這種節奏感最明顯體現在詩前兩句,詩人使用了跨行連續(enjambment),即一二行之間和三四行之間不使用標點。

這種跨行連續吸引讀者注意某些詞彙,比如說第四行當中的“交匯”(meet)就被強化,這個詞很自然就引出了接下來光與影的交匯,內在美與外在美的交融。

此外詩中多用柔和的輔音。如/w/, /i/, /m/ 等,長母音較多,讀起來聲調柔和,節奏舒緩,

使詩歌音韻、女性恬美以及詩人一唱三歎的語氣配合得極為融洽。

讀者在這種柔和乾淨的節奏感中體會到交融在光影和諧中的美,外在之美和心靈之美巧妙蘊涵在清夜晴輝中,照出一片祥和與安寧。光,無疑是這首詩的關鍵,這不僅表現在姣好容顏上,明亮明眸中,而且從心靈中散發出來,這是內在之美,靈魂之光。每一道影,每一縷光,在明與暗對比下,調和成最美妙的色澤,

將四周環境抽象為一個美的存在。

其實這種光影的和諧交融也體現了詩人對繪畫技巧的善用。詩文中“tress”一詞體現出希臘雕像式、對細枝末節的刻畫。此詩既有工筆劃般的描繪,又有對恬淡清光般少女神采寫意式勾勒,虛實結合,容光煥發,又嫻雅動人。

因此,以往翻譯版本中都體現了一個共同準則,即考慮到光在詩歌中的特殊作用,在翻譯中都採取了以下處理方式:用充溢著美的光貫穿全詩。在譯詩第一節時,用迷離光影、溫軟的光澤營造出一個光影交融的世界;第二節,以每一道影,每一縷光來雕琢這位女子的美麗,由表及裡,髮絲間,容顏上,直至心靈裡,無不充滿聖潔的光輝;最後一節,光華重現——如花笑嫣和醉人臉頰映襯出光潤的額際、光鮮的色彩、外表氣質和優雅融為一體,這才是真實而完整的美。

美的光彩

普遍流行的版本是我國著名詩人和詩歌翻譯家查良錚翻譯的《她走在美的光彩中》:

她走在美的光彩中,像夜晚/

皎潔無雲而且繁星滿天;/

明與暗的最美妙的色澤/

在她的儀容和秋波裡呈現:/

耀目的白天只嫌光太強,/

它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。/

增加或減少一分明與暗/就會損害這難言的美/

美波動在她烏黑的發上,/

或者散佈淡淡的光輝/在那臉龐,恬靜的思緒/

指明它的來處純潔而珍貴/

呵,那額際,那鮮豔的面頰,/

如此溫和,平靜,而又脈脈含情,/

那迷人的微笑,那容顏的光彩,/

都在說明一個善良的生命:/

她的頭腦安於世間的一切,/

她的心充溢著真純的愛情!

既是譯者又是詩人的查良錚用漢語把這首詩演繹的流動,傳神,其中韻味既溫婉又不失飽滿。

According to his friend, James W. Webster, “I did take him to Lady Sitwell’s party in Seymour Road. He there for the first time saw his cousin, the beautiful Mrs. Wilmot. When we returned to his rooms in Albany, he said little, but desired Fletcher to give him a tumbler of brandy, which he drank at once to Mrs. Wilmot’s health, then retired to rest, and was, I heard afterwards, in a sad state all night. The next day he wrote those charming lines upon her—She walks in Beauty like the Night…”

In June, 1814, several months before he met and married his first wife, Anna Milbanke, Lord Byron attended a party at Lady Sitwell’s. While at the party, Lord Byron was inspired by the sight of his cousin, the beautiful Mrs. Wilmot, who was wearing a black spangled mourning dress. Lord Byron was struck by his cousin’s dark hair and fair face, the mingling of various lights and shades. This became the essence of his poem about her.

喬治•戈登•拜倫

SHE walks in beauty, like the night

Of cloudless climes and starry skies;

And all that 's best of dark and bright

Meet in her aspect and her eyes:

Thus mellow'd to that tender light

Which heaven to gaudy day denies.

查良錚譯:她走在美的光彩中,象夜晚

皎潔無雲而且繁星漫天;

明與暗的最美妙的色澤

在她的儀容和秋波裡呈現:

耀目的白天只嫌光太強,

它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。

周永啟譯:她在幽美中行走

像靜夜——萬里無雲,滿天星斗,

一切明暗交織的美色

都在她那容貌和雙眸中匯合,

如此融就的柔和光澤,

豔麗的白天豈能輕得?

李麗琴譯:她在美中行

她在美中行

像靜夜------萬里無雲,繁星滿天,

一切明暗交織的美

在她的容顏和雙眸中匯合,

如此融就的柔和之光,

亮麗的白天豈能輕得?

()

在譯詩第一節時,用迷離光影、溫軟的光澤營造出一個光影交融的世界;第二節,以每一道影,每一縷光來雕琢這位女子的美麗,由表及裡,髮絲間,容顏上,直至心靈裡,無不充滿聖潔的光輝;最後一節,光華重現——如花笑嫣和醉人臉頰映襯出光潤的額際、光鮮的色彩、外表氣質和優雅融為一體,這才是真實而完整的美。

美的光彩

普遍流行的版本是我國著名詩人和詩歌翻譯家查良錚翻譯的《她走在美的光彩中》:

她走在美的光彩中,像夜晚/

皎潔無雲而且繁星滿天;/

明與暗的最美妙的色澤/

在她的儀容和秋波裡呈現:/

耀目的白天只嫌光太強,/

它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。/

增加或減少一分明與暗/就會損害這難言的美/

美波動在她烏黑的發上,/

或者散佈淡淡的光輝/在那臉龐,恬靜的思緒/

指明它的來處純潔而珍貴/

呵,那額際,那鮮豔的面頰,/

如此溫和,平靜,而又脈脈含情,/

那迷人的微笑,那容顏的光彩,/

都在說明一個善良的生命:/

她的頭腦安於世間的一切,/

她的心充溢著真純的愛情!

既是譯者又是詩人的查良錚用漢語把這首詩演繹的流動,傳神,其中韻味既溫婉又不失飽滿。

According to his friend, James W. Webster, “I did take him to Lady Sitwell’s party in Seymour Road. He there for the first time saw his cousin, the beautiful Mrs. Wilmot. When we returned to his rooms in Albany, he said little, but desired Fletcher to give him a tumbler of brandy, which he drank at once to Mrs. Wilmot’s health, then retired to rest, and was, I heard afterwards, in a sad state all night. The next day he wrote those charming lines upon her—She walks in Beauty like the Night…”

In June, 1814, several months before he met and married his first wife, Anna Milbanke, Lord Byron attended a party at Lady Sitwell’s. While at the party, Lord Byron was inspired by the sight of his cousin, the beautiful Mrs. Wilmot, who was wearing a black spangled mourning dress. Lord Byron was struck by his cousin’s dark hair and fair face, the mingling of various lights and shades. This became the essence of his poem about her.

喬治•戈登•拜倫

SHE walks in beauty, like the night

Of cloudless climes and starry skies;

And all that 's best of dark and bright

Meet in her aspect and her eyes:

Thus mellow'd to that tender light

Which heaven to gaudy day denies.

查良錚譯:她走在美的光彩中,象夜晚

皎潔無雲而且繁星漫天;

明與暗的最美妙的色澤

在她的儀容和秋波裡呈現:

耀目的白天只嫌光太強,

它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。

周永啟譯:她在幽美中行走

像靜夜——萬里無雲,滿天星斗,

一切明暗交織的美色

都在她那容貌和雙眸中匯合,

如此融就的柔和光澤,

豔麗的白天豈能輕得?

李麗琴譯:她在美中行

她在美中行

像靜夜------萬里無雲,繁星滿天,

一切明暗交織的美

在她的容顏和雙眸中匯合,

如此融就的柔和之光,

亮麗的白天豈能輕得?

()