Predicting the future is a difficult task, especially when it comes to foreseeing the wealth of nations.
HSBC have made some very scientific predictions on which countries will be the richest in 2050, studying the economies of 100 nations. Some of the conclusions are startling.
預測未來是一項艱巨的任務， 特別是當它涉及到前瞻性的國家財富。
滙豐銀行對全球100個國家的經濟狀況進行了一些科學研究， 分析哪些國家將在2050年成為最富有的國家。 由此得到了一些驚人的結論：
10）Canada – $2.29 trillion10）加拿大—2.29萬億美元
Canada is the only country on this list projected to stay put, currently ranked as the tenth richest country in the world and projected to remain tenth in 2050. Despite this lack of change, Canadians are expected to rise three spots in per capita income, rising from 15th to 12th in 2050.
加拿大是這份榜單上唯一一個預計將保持不變的國家， 這個目前排名世界第十經濟大國的國家， 預計仍將在2050保持第十名。 儘管缺乏變化， 預計2050年加拿大人均收入將上升3個位次， 從第15上升到第12。
The Canadian economy weathered the storm of the economic crisis due to a strong banking system ranked among the most stable in the world.
受益於穩定性位居世界前列的強大的銀行系統， 加拿大經濟扛住了經濟危機的風暴。
9）France – $2.75 trillion9）法國—2.75萬億美元
Not exempt from the economic challenges faced by other financial heavyweights of the E.U., France will fall from sixth to ninth richest country in the world by 2050, with Brazil, India and Mexico climbing above the French.
由於無法避免歐盟其他財政巨頭類似的經濟挑戰， 2050年法國將從世界經濟排行榜的第6名跌落至第9名。 巴西、印度和墨西哥都將超過法國。
Projections state that compared to the rest of the developed world, France will lag behind in terms of development of per capita income during the next few decades.
預測表明， 與其他發達國家相比， 法國的人均收入方面在未來幾十年將落後。
8）Mexico – $2.81 trillion8）墨西哥—2.81萬億美元
Currently the 13th richest country in the world, Mexico is poised to make a huge leap into the top ten, projected to rise five spots to become the eighth richest country in 2050, rising above France, Canada, Spain, South Korea and Italy.
目前， 世界上第13富有的國家墨西哥， 準備進行一次巨大的飛躍， 進入前10名， 預計將上升5個名次， 在2050年成為世界第8經濟大國， 力壓法國， 加拿大， 西班牙， 韓國和義大利。
Ironically, despite this jump in wealth, the average per capita income for Mexicans is predicted to fall five spots, from 42nd in the world to 47th.
具有諷刺意味的是， 儘管財富激增， 墨西哥的人均收入預計將下降5個名次， 從世界第42下降到第47。
7）Brazil – $2.96 trillion7）巴西—2.96萬億美元
Ever since the period between 1986 and 1994 in which Brazil experienced annual inflation in excess of 500%, the country has rebounded to continue operating as one of the biggest economies in the world.
從1986到1994年間， 巴西經歷了超過500%的通貨膨脹率， 這個國家已經恢復， 繼續保持運轉著世界上最大的經濟體之一。
Their growth in prosperity is expected to continue for the foreseeable future, with Brazil rising two spots over France and Italy to become the seventh richest nation on Earth. Unfortunately, per capita income for Brazilians is expected to drop by nine spots from 52nd to 61st in the world.
在可預見的未來， 他們的繁榮增長預計將持續下去， 巴西將超過法國和義大利上升2個位次， 成為世界第7經濟大國。 不幸的是， 巴西人的人均收入預計將下降九位， 從世界第52跌至第61。
In addition to an increase of the working population of this country, Brazil is making a concerted effort to improve education and reduce crime as part of an effort to lift the prosperity of all Brazilians.
除了增加這個國家的勞動人口外， 巴西也正在努力提高教育水準， 減少犯罪， 以此來促進巴西的繁榮。
6）United Kingdom – $3.58 trillion6）英國—3.58萬億美元
By 2015, the United Kingdom is projected to narrow the difference by half between itself and the German economy, the biggest in Europe. Currently, Germany is $346 billion ahead of the British, while in 2050 the gap between the two will be $138 billion.
到2015年， 英國預計將縮小和歐洲最大的經濟體——德國之間的經濟差距。 目前， 德國比英國高出3460億美元， 而在2050， 兩者的差距預計為1380億美元。
Both Germany and Britain will drop one place in the standings because of the surging economy of India, which recently broke the trillion dollar mark.
由於印度經濟的快速增長， 無論是德國還是英國， 都將下降1個位次。
The United Kingdom was a leader of the industrial revolution during the 19th century, setting the table for the rise of industrialization throughout the 20th century world.
英國是十九世紀工業革命的領導者， 為整個二十世紀世界工業化的發展奠定了基礎。
Currently, both American and Japanese companies prefer Britain as their destination for European outlets of their companies.
目前， 美國和日本公司都喜歡將英國作為他們歐洲分公司的首選。
5）Germany – $3.71 trillion5）德國—3.71萬億美元
Germany is projected to be the largest economy in Europe in 2050, holding off the United Kingdom to remain as one of the top five richest countries on the planet – although India is expected to overtake the Germans in the meantime.
德國預計將在2050年成為歐洲最大的經濟體，力壓英國，繼續穩坐世界五大經濟大國的寶座，儘管印度那時預計將超過德國。
Despite falling from fourth to fifth, German income per capita will rise eight ranks from 18th to 10th in the world, likely due a population reduction of 11 million between 2010 and 2050.
儘管從第4下降到第5，德國的人均收入將從世界第18上升到世界第10，這可能是由於人口在2010年到2050年間減少了1100萬。
Germany will experience the greatest reduction in its working population of all the E.U., suffering a decline of 29%. Despite this reduction, solid funding and a strong economic infrastructure will ensure the country’s economy remains stable.
德國勞動人口的下降幅度在所有歐盟國家中最大，至少為29%。儘管勞動人口減少，但堅實的資金支持和強大的經濟基礎設施將確保該國的經濟穩定。
4）Japan – $6.43 trillion4）日本—6.43萬億美元
With a rapidly aging population, Japan is looking to overcome the worst demographic problems out of all the richest countries, with an incredible projected decline in working population of 37%.
隨著人口的迅速老齡化，日本正努力克服所有發達國家中最嚴重的人口問題，預計勞動人口將下降37%。
In addition to an aging population, Japan’s fertility rate is the lowest of all the richest countries, with an average of 1.3 children per person, similar to Germany. As a result, Japan will see a reduction in population of 25 million, more than twice Germany’s reduction.
除了人口老齡化，日本的生育率也是所有發達國家中最低的，平均每人有1.3個孩子，相當於德國。結果就是，日本的人口將減少2500萬，是德國的兩倍還多。
Nonetheless, as Japan figures out how to deal with a shrinking workforce paying for the social services of an aging society, they will still be the fourth richest on Earth.
儘管如此，如果日本想出如何解決因老齡化社會引起的人均消費收縮問題，他們仍然是世界第4經濟大國。
3）India – $8.17 trillion3）印度—8.17萬億美元
India is an example of the economic benefits of a growing population, ranking in the top five in terms of countries that will experience a surge in working population. As of 2050, India projects to be the third richest country on Earth and the most populous, overtaking China to become the first country with a billion and a half residents.
印度是一個人口增長促進經濟效益的典型案例，在工作人口激增的國家中排名前5。到2050年，印度將成為世界上第3富有和人口最多的國家，超越中國成為第一個人口突破15億的國家。
By copying foreign economic policies and taking advantage of modern technology, India expects to be one of the engines of worldwide economic growth. The country falls under the category of a fast-growth economy, predicted to enjoy an average annual growth of 5% or greater, partly due to low levels of current development.
印度通過複製外國經濟政策，利用現代科學技術，有望成為世界經濟增長的引擎之一。該國屬於經濟快速增長階段，預計年均增速5%以上，部分原因是目前發展水準較低。
2）United States – $22.27 trillion2）美國—22.27萬億美元
All economic infrastructure indicators are strong for the United States, such as a strong democracy, rule of law and population demographics that includes an above average fertility rate. Nonetheless, the richest country on Earth for several decades will fall to become the second richest by 2050.
美國的所有基礎經濟指標都無比強大，比如強大的民主，法治，人口統計，其中包括高於平均水準的生育率。儘管如此，2050年，世界上幾十年來最富有的國家將下降到第2位。
Currently, the Unites States is considered leaders of economic activity and policy past the halfway mark of this century.
目前，在這個世紀的前半段，美國被認為是經濟活動和政策的領導者。
1）China – $25.33 trillion1）中國—25.33萬億美元
The richest country in the world in 2050 is predicted to be China. The country is expected to have absorbed Hong Kong and Macao into their economic systems by 2049, providing enough of a boost to take the top spot.
2050年世界上最富有的國家預計將是中國。預計在2049年前，香港和澳門將被納入其經濟體系之中，為登頂世界經濟提供有力保障。
China’s population growth is being slowed by the one-child policy, however, causing a reduction in the country’s working population by 2050.
但由於獨生子女政策，中國的人口增速正在放緩，導致該國2050年勞動人口的減少。
Their population will still be the second biggest on Earth in 2050, and citizens will benefit from China’s continued push to fully modernize its economy. China will catch up with the development of the most advanced nations, spurring the same type of growth that resulted in China’s boom in recent decades.
但2050年，他們的人口數量仍然是世界第二，居民將受益于中國持續推動全面實現經濟現代化。中國將躋身最先進國家的行列，刺激了相關行業的增長，使得中國在最近幾十年持續繁榮。
經濟基礎決定上層建築。隨著經濟實力的不斷提升，相信我國在政治生態，法制建設，教育制度，文化氛圍，環境保護等方方面面，都會得到健康而長遠的發展。
單絲不成線，獨木不成林。我們在此岸，我們的中國夢在彼岸，中間隔著激流，若我們攜手齊心，就是橫跨湍流的築夢之橋。
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Germany is projected to be the largest economy in Europe in 2050, holding off the United Kingdom to remain as one of the top five richest countries on the planet – although India is expected to overtake the Germans in the meantime.
德國預計將在2050年成為歐洲最大的經濟體，力壓英國，繼續穩坐世界五大經濟大國的寶座，儘管印度那時預計將超過德國。
Despite falling from fourth to fifth, German income per capita will rise eight ranks from 18th to 10th in the world, likely due a population reduction of 11 million between 2010 and 2050.
儘管從第4下降到第5，德國的人均收入將從世界第18上升到世界第10，這可能是由於人口在2010年到2050年間減少了1100萬。
Germany will experience the greatest reduction in its working population of all the E.U., suffering a decline of 29%. Despite this reduction, solid funding and a strong economic infrastructure will ensure the country’s economy remains stable.
德國勞動人口的下降幅度在所有歐盟國家中最大，至少為29%。儘管勞動人口減少，但堅實的資金支持和強大的經濟基礎設施將確保該國的經濟穩定。
4）Japan – $6.43 trillion4）日本—6.43萬億美元
With a rapidly aging population, Japan is looking to overcome the worst demographic problems out of all the richest countries, with an incredible projected decline in working population of 37%.
隨著人口的迅速老齡化，日本正努力克服所有發達國家中最嚴重的人口問題，預計勞動人口將下降37%。
In addition to an aging population, Japan’s fertility rate is the lowest of all the richest countries, with an average of 1.3 children per person, similar to Germany. As a result, Japan will see a reduction in population of 25 million, more than twice Germany’s reduction.
除了人口老齡化，日本的生育率也是所有發達國家中最低的，平均每人有1.3個孩子，相當於德國。結果就是，日本的人口將減少2500萬，是德國的兩倍還多。
Nonetheless, as Japan figures out how to deal with a shrinking workforce paying for the social services of an aging society, they will still be the fourth richest on Earth.
儘管如此，如果日本想出如何解決因老齡化社會引起的人均消費收縮問題，他們仍然是世界第4經濟大國。
3）India – $8.17 trillion3）印度—8.17萬億美元
India is an example of the economic benefits of a growing population, ranking in the top five in terms of countries that will experience a surge in working population. As of 2050, India projects to be the third richest country on Earth and the most populous, overtaking China to become the first country with a billion and a half residents.
印度是一個人口增長促進經濟效益的典型案例，在工作人口激增的國家中排名前5。到2050年，印度將成為世界上第3富有和人口最多的國家，超越中國成為第一個人口突破15億的國家。
By copying foreign economic policies and taking advantage of modern technology, India expects to be one of the engines of worldwide economic growth. The country falls under the category of a fast-growth economy, predicted to enjoy an average annual growth of 5% or greater, partly due to low levels of current development.
印度通過複製外國經濟政策，利用現代科學技術，有望成為世界經濟增長的引擎之一。該國屬於經濟快速增長階段，預計年均增速5%以上，部分原因是目前發展水準較低。
2）United States – $22.27 trillion2）美國—22.27萬億美元
All economic infrastructure indicators are strong for the United States, such as a strong democracy, rule of law and population demographics that includes an above average fertility rate. Nonetheless, the richest country on Earth for several decades will fall to become the second richest by 2050.
美國的所有基礎經濟指標都無比強大，比如強大的民主，法治，人口統計，其中包括高於平均水準的生育率。儘管如此，2050年，世界上幾十年來最富有的國家將下降到第2位。
Currently, the Unites States is considered leaders of economic activity and policy past the halfway mark of this century.
目前，在這個世紀的前半段，美國被認為是經濟活動和政策的領導者。
1）China – $25.33 trillion1）中國—25.33萬億美元
The richest country in the world in 2050 is predicted to be China. The country is expected to have absorbed Hong Kong and Macao into their economic systems by 2049, providing enough of a boost to take the top spot.
2050年世界上最富有的國家預計將是中國。預計在2049年前，香港和澳門將被納入其經濟體系之中，為登頂世界經濟提供有力保障。
China’s population growth is being slowed by the one-child policy, however, causing a reduction in the country’s working population by 2050.
但由於獨生子女政策，中國的人口增速正在放緩，導致該國2050年勞動人口的減少。
Their population will still be the second biggest on Earth in 2050, and citizens will benefit from China’s continued push to fully modernize its economy. China will catch up with the development of the most advanced nations, spurring the same type of growth that resulted in China’s boom in recent decades.
但2050年，他們的人口數量仍然是世界第二，居民將受益于中國持續推動全面實現經濟現代化。中國將躋身最先進國家的行列，刺激了相關行業的增長，使得中國在最近幾十年持續繁榮。
經濟基礎決定上層建築。隨著經濟實力的不斷提升，相信我國在政治生態，法制建設，教育制度，文化氛圍，環境保護等方方面面，都會得到健康而長遠的發展。
單絲不成線，獨木不成林。我們在此岸，我們的中國夢在彼岸，中間隔著激流，若我們攜手齊心，就是橫跨湍流的築夢之橋。
感謝您的閱讀，喜歡可以分享給朋友；
請點擊關注喲，別錯過更多精彩內容。