13年前， 小紮從哈佛輟學， 專心開發 Facebook。 13年後的今天， 哈佛授予了本科沒畢業的他榮譽博士學位， 並邀請他給2017屆畢業生做演講。 由此， 33歲的小紮成為了哈佛歷史上最年輕的畢業演講嘉賓。
在細雨濛濛的哈佛廣場上， 輟學生紮克伯格終於被授予了學位證書， 像他15年前預測的那樣。
▲人生贏家在自己的facebook賣了個萌：媽， 我就說我能拿回畢業證書的嘛。
15年前， 在收到錄取通知書那天， 紮克伯格和家人做了一個預測。
他的母親表示小紮一定會輟學（真是知子莫若母啊……), 妹妹曾經表示自己會比哥哥更早畢業， 紮克伯格自己則表示他一定會拿到學位證書。 現在看來， 小紮一家簡直都是666的神算子。
只是， 他唯一算錯了的是， 曾經連本科課程都沒有完成的他竟然最終拿到了哈佛法學院頒發的博士學位證書。 當他自己聽說自己被邀請回到哈佛參加畢業演講後， 和比爾·蓋茨開玩笑問道：他們應該知道我們沒有畢業對吧？
不過， 除了單純地回到母校接受證書外， 更重要的是， 33歲的他成為了哈佛大學第366屆畢業典禮的演講者， 也是哈佛建校歷史上最年輕的畢業典禮演講者。
在一封邀請信中， 校方這樣形容紮克伯格：紮克伯格的領導能力深深地影響了全世界的社交行為。 同時校長Drew Faust更是給出了超高評價：在現在這個時代， 沒有多少發明創新能和紮克伯格所做的去相提並論。
儘管這場演講今天才開始， 但是小紮同學已經提前興奮一周了——基本屬於見到誰和誰“炫耀”一下自己演講的事情。
▲開場前， 穿著西裝打了領帶的小紮還是很緊張的， 情不自禁地都把左手放在椅子把手上， 還臨上臺前整理了一下衣著。
他先在Facebook上曬出了他父親15年前拍下的他點開郵件收到哈佛錄取通知書的一幕， 當時的他樣子非常青澀。 紮克伯格在演講中解釋了當時發生的一切：“我當時正在玩電腦遊戲， 我也不知道我爸怎麼會突然讓我查郵件， 結果竟然真的有錄取通知書。 最可怕的是， 我爸竟然還真的正好錄了下來。 ”
“哈佛是世界上最好的大學， 也是我讓父母最驕傲的那唯一一件事情。 ”這位身價排名全世界前五的年輕人這樣在哈佛畢業典禮的演講上表示。
“你看， 我的母親就在不停的點頭。 ”紮克伯格看向台下的父母 （看到紮克伯格父親看妻子的眼神， 就明白為什麼紮克伯格天天給吃瓜群眾撒狗糧的技能是哪裡來的啦）。
除了提前在Facebook上曬青澀視頻， 紮克伯格還興奮地打了飛的跑去和另一位世界最知名輟學生比爾·蓋茨“炫耀”了自己被母校邀請回去演講這件事。
同樣從哈佛輟學， 最終又被學校授予學位證、邀請回校演講的比爾·蓋茨這次變身段子手， 這樣回答了紮克伯格的問題：
小紮：蓋茨前輩， 哈佛要我給畢業生演講， 可他們知道我們其實都沒有畢業過吧？
蓋茨：這就是最妙的地方了！哈佛還會送你一個學位呢！最重要的是， 要在參加授位典禮的時候， 光著身子穿學位袍裸奔！
你以為這就完了嗎？紮克伯格在拜訪完比爾蓋茨後， 又帶著自己在哈佛最大的收穫——和自己志趣相投的終身伴侶普莉希拉陳一起回到了當年他所居住的宿舍開始了一段為時20分鐘的“憶往昔崢嶸歲月稠”的公開線上直播。
不出意料的， 在哈佛的畢業典禮演講上， 紮克伯格又又又又又表白了太太。
“我的太太普莉希拉陳是我在哈佛最美好的回憶。 而她也是我一生中最重要的人， 無可取代。 ”他手捂心口看向穿著雨衣坐在台下的太太。
▲在臺上演講的紮克伯格同坐在台下的普莉希拉陳的眼神交流， 滿滿都是愛啊
紮克伯格開始表白， 大方地回憶起整追求普莉希拉陳的全過程：
“但我在哈佛最美好的回憶，是我遇見了我的妻子。當時我剛上線網站（一個惡作劇網站，差點害得紮克伯格被開除）Facemash，即將遭到校方“接我”。所有人都認為我要被開除了，甚至連我的父母都飛過來幫我打包行李。我的朋友於是為了搞了告別派對，而在派對的衛生間門口排隊時，我第一次遇到了我的太太普莉希拉。我告訴她：‘我三天后就要被趕出學校了，我們必須馬上快速開始約會。’”
當聽到這克伯格表白，普莉希拉坐在人群中，感動得哭了起來。
在感謝完自己的太太後，紮克伯格正式開始了自己對於年輕人的建議。
“今天我想談談‘目標’（purpose）。但我這次並不是要給你們一個標準的關於找到目標的畢業演講。”紮克伯格說：“我在這裡要告訴你們的是，找到你們的目標並不夠，我們這一代真正的挑戰是創造一個世界，其中每一個人都能有‘目標感’（sense of purpose）。”
“目標感，是我們感受到自己屬於某種大於自我的東西，感受到我們被需要，我們有一些更好的事情可以為之努力。真正的幸福來自目標。”
“為了推動我們的社會前進，我們這一代的挑戰並不僅僅是創造新的工作崗位，而是創造全新的目標感。”
“我還記得在我宿舍小小房間裡推出Facebook的那個晚上。我還記得告訴我的朋友，能夠連接整個哈佛社區我很興奮，但有一天，有人會連接整個世界。
然而，我從沒想過這個人會是我們。我們只是大學生，我們什麼都不懂，而這些大型科技公司有的是資源。我只是假設他們中的一個會這麼做。但當時這個想法對我們來說是那麼清晰——所有人都想要連接到一起。所以我們不斷推進，日復一日。
我知道你們中的很多人都有類似這樣的故事。世界上有些改變看起來那麼清晰，你很確信有人會去做，但他們沒有做，你做了。
但你自己有目標並不夠，你要為其他人創造目標感。”
紮克伯格說，有三種方式可以創造一個世界讓每個人都有目標感：一起做有意義的項目；重新定義平等，讓每個人都有自由追求目標；建立跨世界的社區。
關於“做有意義的項目”，紮克伯格說：“每一代人都有決定性意義的工程。超過三十萬人一起合作把人類送上了月球——包括清潔工。數百萬志願者為預防小兒麻痹症在全世界為孩子們打疫苗。數百萬人一起建造胡佛水壩，以及其他不計其數的偉大項目。”
“這些項目並不僅僅為做這些工作的人提供了目標，也給我們國家榮譽感，讓我們能做偉大的事情。現在輪到我們來做偉大的事情了。”
也許你不知道如何建水壩，也不知道如何召喚數百萬人來一起做一件事情，但“沒有人在開始的時候知道這一點。主意並不是在完全成型的時候出現的，它們只有當你開始為之努力的時候才開始日漸清晰。你只需要開始行動。”
“理想主義是好的，但要準備好被誤解。任何致力於一個偉大願景的人都會被稱作‘瘋狂’，即便你最終成功。任何努力解決複雜問題的人，都會被指責並不完全理解其中的挑戰，儘管剛開始並不可能知道一切。任何積極主動的人都會被批評行動太快，因為總有人想要讓你放慢腳步。
在這個社會裡，我們總是不去做一些事，因為我們太害怕犯錯，以至於我們寧願什麼都不做而避免，去忽略今天所有的錯事。現實是，我們做的任何事情未來都有可能會出問題，但這並不能妨礙我們開始。”
最後，他借用了一句禱告文，是他每次在面臨挑戰時會對自己說的，也是在想到他女兒Max的未來時會唱的一句話：May the source of strength, who blessed the ones before us, help us *find the courage* to make our lives a blessing.
並祝願2017屆畢業生“找到讓生活美好的勇氣”（find the courage to make your life a blessing）。
小劄在演講後發文說：“今天我在哈佛發表了畢業演講。這次演講對我個人來說很重要，我已經寫了很長時間。我的主旨是關於'目標’。作為千禧代（millennials)，找到我們的目標並不夠，我們這一代真正的挑戰是創造一個世界，其中每一個人都能有‘目標感’。這是真正幸福的關鍵，也是我們推動社會前進的唯一道路。”
紮克伯格2017哈佛畢業典禮演講英文全文如下：
Harvard Commencement 2017
President Faust, Board of Overseers, faculty, alumni, friends, proud parents, members of the ad board, and graduates of the greatest university in the world,
I'm honored to be with you today because, let's face it, you accomplished something I never could. If I get through this speech, it'll be the first time I actually finish something at Harvard. Class of 2017, congratulations!
I'm an unlikely speaker, not just because I dropped out, but because we're technically in the same generation. We walked this yard less than a decade apart, studied the same ideas and slept through the same Ec10 lectures. We may have taken different paths to get here, especially if you came all the way from the Quad, but today I want to share what I've learned about our generation and the world we're building together.
But first, the last couple of days have brought back a lot of good memories.How many of you remember exactly what you were doing when you got that email telling you that you got into Harvard? I was playing Civilization and I ran downstairs, got my dad, and for some reason, his reaction was to video me opening the email. That could have been a really sad video. I swear getting into Harvard is still the thing my parents are most proud of me for.
What about your first lecture at Harvard? Mine was Computer Science 121 with the incredible Harry Lewis. I was late so I threw on a t-shirt and didn't realize until afterwards it was inside out and backwards with my tag sticking out the front. I couldn't figure out why no one would talk to me -- except one guy, KX Jin, he just went with it. We ended up doing our problem sets together, and now he runs a big part of Facebook. And that, Class of 2017, is why you should be nice to people.
But my best memory from Harvard was meeting Priscilla. I had just launched this prank website Facemash, and the ad board wanted to "see me". Everyone thought I was going to get kicked out. My parents came to help me pack. My friends threw me a going away party. As luck would have it, Priscilla was at that party with her friend. We met in line for the bathroom in the Pfoho Belltower, and in what must be one of the all time romantic lines, I said: "I'm going to get kicked out in three days, so we need to go on a date quickly."
Actually, any of you graduating can use that line.I didn't end up getting kicked out -- I did that to myself. Priscilla and I started dating. And, you know, that movie made it seem like Facemash was so important to creating Facebook. It wasn't. But without Facemash I wouldn't have met Priscilla, and she's the most important person in my life, so you could say it was the most important thing I built in my time here.
We've all started lifelong friendships here, and some of us even families. That's why I'm so grateful to this place.Thanks, Harvard.
Today I want to talk about purpose. But I'm not here to give you the standard commencement about finding your purpose. We're millennials. We'll try to do that instinctively. Instead, I'm here to tell you finding your purpose isn't enough. The challenge for our generation is creating a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.
One of my favorite stories is when John F Kennedy visited the NASA space center, he saw a janitor carrying a broom and he walked over and asked what he was doing. The janitor responded: "Mr. President, I'm helping put a man on the moon".
Purpose is that sense that we are part of something bigger than ourselves, that we are needed, that we have something better ahead to work for. Purpose is what creates true happiness.
You're graduating at a time when this is especially important. When our parents graduated, purpose reliably came from your job, your church, your community. But today, technology and automation are eliminating many jobs. Membership in communities is declining. Many people feel disconnected and depressed, and are trying to fill a void.
As I've traveled around, I've sat with children in juvenile detention and opioid addicts, who told me their lives could have turned out differently if they just had something to do, an after school program or somewhere to go. I've met factory workers who know their old jobs aren't coming back and are trying to find their place.
To keep our society moving forward, we have a generational challenge -- to not only create new jobs, but create a renewed sense of purpose.
I remember the night I launched Facebook from my little dorm in Kirkland House. I went to Noch's with my friend KX. I remember telling him I was excited to connect the Harvard community, but one day someone would connect the whole world.
The thing is, it never even occurred to me that someone might be us. We were just college kids. We didn't know anything about that. There were all these big technology companies with resources. I just assumed one of them would do it. But this idea was so clear to us -- that all people want to connect. So we just kept moving forward, day by day.
I know a lot of you will have your own stories just like this. A change in the world that seems so clear you're sure someone else will do it. But they won't. You will.
But it's not enough to have purpose yourself. You have to create a sense of purpose for others.
I found that out the hard way. You see, my hope was never to build a company, but to make an impact. And as all these people started joining us, I just assumed that's what they cared about too, so I never explained what I hoped we'd build.
A couple years in, some big companies wanted to buy us. I didn't want to sell. I wanted to see if we could connect more people. We were building the first News Feed, and I thought if we could just launch this, it could change how we learn about the world.
Nearly everyone else wanted to sell. Without a sense of higher purpose, this was the startup dream come true. It tore our company apart. After one tense argument, an advisor told me if I didn't agree to sell, I would regret the decision for the rest of my life. Relationships were so frayed that within a year or so every single person on the management team was gone.
That was my hardest time leading Facebook. I believed in what we were doing, but I felt alone. And worse, it was my fault. I wondered if I was just wrong, an i mposter, a 22 year-old kid who had no idea how the world worked.
Now, years later, I understand that *is* how things work with no sense of higher purpose. It's up to us to create it so we can all keep moving forward together.
Today I want to talk about three ways to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose: by taking on big meaningful projects together, by redefining equality so everyone has the freedom to pursue purpose, and by building community across the world.
First, let's take on big meaningful projects.
Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self-driving cars and trucks. But we have the potential to do so much more together.
Every generation has its defining works. More than 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon – including that janitor. Millions of volunteers immunized children around the world against polio. Millions of more people built the Hoover dam and other great projects.
These projects didn't just provide purpose for the people doing those jobs, they gave our whole country a sense of pride that we could do great things.
Now it's our turn to do great things. I know, you're probably thinking: I don't know how to build a dam, or get a million people involved in anything.
But let me tell you a secret: no one does when they begin. Ideas don't come out fully formed. They only become clear as you work on them. You just have to get started.
If I had to understand everything about connecting people before I began, I never would have started Facebook.
Movies and pop culture get this all wrong. The idea of a single eureka moment is a dangerous lie. It makes us feel inadequate since we haven't had ours. It prevents people with seeds of good ideas from getting started. Oh, you know what else movies get wrong about innovation? No one writes math formulas on glass. That's not a thing.
It's good to be idealistic. But be prepared to be misunderstood. Anyone working on a big vision will get called crazy, even if you end up right. Anyone working on a complex problem will get blamed for not fully understanding the challenge, even though it's impossible to know everything upfront. Anyone taking initiative will get criticized for moving too fast, because there's always someone who wants to slow you down.
In our society, we often don't do big things because we're so afraid of making mistakes that we ignore all the things wrong today if we do nothing. The reality is, anything we do will have issues in the future. But that can't keep us from starting.
So what are we waiting for? It's time for our generation-defining public works. How about stopping climate change before we destroy the planet and getting millions of people involved manufacturing and installing solar panels? How about curing all diseases and asking volunteers to track their health data and share their genomes? Today we spend 50x more treating people who are sick than we spend finding cures so people don’t get sick in the first place. That makes no sense. We can fix this. How about modernizing democracy so everyone can vote online, and personalizing education so everyone can learn?
These achievements are within our reach. Let's do them all in a way that gives everyone in our society a role. Let's do big things, not only to create progress, but to create purpose.
So taking on big meaningful projects is the first thing we can do to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.
The second is redefining equality to give everyone the freedom they need to pursue purpose.
Many of our parents had stable jobs throughout their careers. Now we're all entrepreneurial, whether we're starting projects or finding or role. And that's great. Our culture of entrepreneurship is how we create so much progress.
Now, an entrepreneurial culture thrives when it's easy to try lots of new ideas. Facebook wasn't the first thing I built. I also built games, chat systems, study tools and music players. I'm not alone. JK Rowling got rejected 12 times before publishing Harry Potter. Even Beyonce had to make hundreds of songs to get Halo. The greatest successes come from having the freedom to fail.
But today, we have a level of wealth inequality that hurts everyone. When you don't have the freedom to take your idea and turn it into a historic enterprise, we all lose. Right now our society is way over-indexed on rewarding success and we don't do nearly enough to make it easy for everyone to take lots of shots.
Let's face it. There is something wrong with our system when I can leave here and make billions of dollars in 10 years while millions of students can't afford to pay off their loans, let alone start a business.
Look, I know a lot of entrepreneurs, and I don't know a single person who gave up on starting a business because they might not make enough money. But I know lots of people who haven't pursued dreams because they didn't have a cushion to fall back on if they failed.
We all know we don't succeed just by having a good idea or working hard. We succeed by being lucky too. If I had to support my family growing up instead of having time to code, if I didn't know I'd be fine if Facebook didn't work out, I wouldn't be standing here today. If we're honest, we all know how much luck we've had.
Every generation expands its definition of equality. Previous generations fought for the vote and civil rights. They had the New Deal and Great Society. Now it's our time to define a new social contract for our generation.
We should have a society that measures progress not just by economic metrics like GDP, but by how many of us have a role we find meaningful. We should explore ideas like universal basic income to give everyone a cushion to try new things. We’re going to change jobs many times, so we need affordable childcare to get to work and healthcare that aren't tied to one company. We're all going to make mistakes, so we need a society that focuses less on locking us up or stigmatizing us. And as technology keeps changing, we need to focus more on continuous education throughout our lives.
And yes, giving everyone the freedom to pursue purpose isn't free. People like me should pay for it. Many of you will do well and you should too.
That's why Priscilla and I started the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative and committed our wealth to promoting equal opportunity. These are the values of our generation. It was never a question of if we were going to do this. The only question was when.
Millennials are already one of the most charitable generations in history. In one year, three of four US millennials made a donation and seven out of ten raised money for charity.
But it's not just about money. You can also give time. I promise you, if you take an hour or two a week -- that's all it takes to give someone a hand, to help them reach their potential.
Maybe you think that's too much time. I used to. When Priscilla graduated from Harvard she became a teacher, and before she'd do education work with me, she told me I needed to teach a class. I complained: "Well, I'm kind of busy. I'm running this company." But she insisted, so I taught a middle school program on entrepreneurship at the local Boys and Girls Club.
I taught them lessons on product development and marketing, and they taught me what it's like feeling targeted for your race and having a family member in prison. I shared stories from my time in school, and they shared their hope of one day going to college too. For five years now, I’ve been having dinner with those kids every month. One of them threw me and Priscilla our first baby shower. And next year they’re going to college. Every one of them. First in their families.
We can all make time to give someone a hand. Let's give everyone the freedom to pursue their purpose -- not only because it's the right thing to do, but because when more people can turn their dreams into something great, we're all better for it.
Purpose doesn't only come from work. The third way we can create a sense of purpose for everyone is by building community. And when our generation says "everyone", we mean everyone in the world.
Quick show of hands: how many of you are from another country? Now, how many of you are friends with one of these folks? Now we're talking. We have grown up connected.
In a survey asking millennials around the world what defines our identity, the most popular answer wasn't nationality, religion or ethnicity, it was "citizen of the world". That's a big deal.
Every generation expands the circle of people we consider "one of us". For us, it now encompasses the entire world.
We understand the great arc of human history bends towards people coming together in ever greater numbers -- from tribes to cities to nations -- to achieve things we couldn't on our own.
We get that our greatest opportunities are now global -- we can be the generation that ends poverty, that ends disease.
We get that our greatest challenges need global responses too -- no country can fight climate change alone or prevent pandemics. Progress now requires coming together not just as cities or nations, but also as a global community.
But we live in an unstable time. There are people left behind by globalization across the world. It's hard to care about people in other places if we don’t feel good about our lives here at home. There’s pressure to turn inwards.
This is the struggle of our time. The forces of freedom, openness and global community against the forces of authoritarianism, isolationism and nationalism. Forces for the flow of knowledge, trade and immigration against those who would slow them down. This is not a battle of nations, it's a battle of ideas. There are people in every country for global connectio n and good people against it.
This isn't going to be decided at the UN either. It's going to happen at the local level, when enough of us feel a sense of purpose and stability in our own lives that we can open up and start caring about everyone. The best way to do that is to start building local communities right now.
We all get meaning from our communities. Whether our communities are houses or sports teams, churches or music groups, they give us that sense we are part of something bigger, that we are not alone; they give us the strength to expand our horizons.
That's why it's so striking that for decades, membership in all kinds of groups has declined as much as one-quarter.
That's a lot of people who now need to find purpose somewhere else.But I know we can rebuild our communities and start new ones because many of you already are.
I met Agnes Igoye, who's graduating today. Where are you, Agnes? She spent her childhood navigating conflict zones in Uganda, and now she trains thousands of law enforcement officers to keep communities safe.
I met Kayla Oakley and Niha Jain, graduating today, too. Stand up. Kayla and Niha started a non-profit that connects people suffering from illnesses with people in their communities willing to help.
I met David Razu Aznar, graduating from the Kennedy School today. David, stand up. He’s a former city councilor who successfully led the battle to make Mexico City the first Latin American city to pass marriage equality -- even before San Francisco.
This is my story too. A student in a dorm room, connecting one community at a time, and keeping at it until one day we connect the whole world.
Change starts local. Even global changes start small -- with people like us. In our generation, the struggle of whether we connect more, whether we achieve our biggest opportunities, comes down to this -- your ability to build communities and create a world where every single person has a sense of purpose.
Class of 2017, you are graduating into a world that needs purpose. It's up to you to create it.
Now, you may be thinking: can I really do this?
Remember when I told you about that class I taught at the Boys and Girls Club? One day after class I was talking to them about college, and one of my top students raised his hand and said he wasn't sure he could go because he's undocumented. He didn't know if they'd let him in.
Last year I took him out to breakfast for his birthday. I wanted to get him a present, so I asked him and he started talking about students he saw struggling and said "You know, I'd really just like a book on social justice."
I was blown away. Here's a young guy who has every reason to be cynical. He didn't know if the country he calls home -- the only one he's known -- would deny him his dream of going to college. But he wasn't feeling sorry for himself. He wasn't even thinking of himself. He has a greater sense of purpose, and he's going to bring people along with him.
It says something about our current situation that I can't even say his name because I don't want to put him at risk.
But if a high school senior who doesn't know what the future holds can do his part to move the world forward, then we owe it to the world to do our part too.
Before you walk out those gates one last time, as we sit in front of Memorial Church, I am reminded of a prayer, Mi Shebeirach, that I say whenever I face a challenge, that I sing to my daughter thinking about her future when I tuck her into bed. It goes:
"May the source of strength, who blessed the ones before us, help us *find the courage* to make our lives a blessing."
I hope you find the courage to make your life a blessing.
Congratulations, Class of '17! Good luck out there.
“但我在哈佛最美好的回憶，是我遇見了我的妻子。當時我剛上線網站（一個惡作劇網站，差點害得紮克伯格被開除）Facemash，即將遭到校方“接我”。所有人都認為我要被開除了，甚至連我的父母都飛過來幫我打包行李。我的朋友於是為了搞了告別派對，而在派對的衛生間門口排隊時，我第一次遇到了我的太太普莉希拉。我告訴她：‘我三天后就要被趕出學校了，我們必須馬上快速開始約會。’”
當聽到這克伯格表白，普莉希拉坐在人群中，感動得哭了起來。
在感謝完自己的太太後，紮克伯格正式開始了自己對於年輕人的建議。
“今天我想談談‘目標’（purpose）。但我這次並不是要給你們一個標準的關於找到目標的畢業演講。”紮克伯格說：“我在這裡要告訴你們的是，找到你們的目標並不夠，我們這一代真正的挑戰是創造一個世界，其中每一個人都能有‘目標感’（sense of purpose）。”
“目標感，是我們感受到自己屬於某種大於自我的東西，感受到我們被需要，我們有一些更好的事情可以為之努力。真正的幸福來自目標。”
“為了推動我們的社會前進，我們這一代的挑戰並不僅僅是創造新的工作崗位，而是創造全新的目標感。”
“我還記得在我宿舍小小房間裡推出Facebook的那個晚上。我還記得告訴我的朋友，能夠連接整個哈佛社區我很興奮，但有一天，有人會連接整個世界。
然而，我從沒想過這個人會是我們。我們只是大學生，我們什麼都不懂，而這些大型科技公司有的是資源。我只是假設他們中的一個會這麼做。但當時這個想法對我們來說是那麼清晰——所有人都想要連接到一起。所以我們不斷推進，日復一日。
我知道你們中的很多人都有類似這樣的故事。世界上有些改變看起來那麼清晰，你很確信有人會去做，但他們沒有做，你做了。
但你自己有目標並不夠，你要為其他人創造目標感。”
紮克伯格說，有三種方式可以創造一個世界讓每個人都有目標感：一起做有意義的項目；重新定義平等，讓每個人都有自由追求目標；建立跨世界的社區。
關於“做有意義的項目”，紮克伯格說：“每一代人都有決定性意義的工程。超過三十萬人一起合作把人類送上了月球——包括清潔工。數百萬志願者為預防小兒麻痹症在全世界為孩子們打疫苗。數百萬人一起建造胡佛水壩，以及其他不計其數的偉大項目。”
“這些項目並不僅僅為做這些工作的人提供了目標，也給我們國家榮譽感，讓我們能做偉大的事情。現在輪到我們來做偉大的事情了。”
也許你不知道如何建水壩，也不知道如何召喚數百萬人來一起做一件事情，但“沒有人在開始的時候知道這一點。主意並不是在完全成型的時候出現的，它們只有當你開始為之努力的時候才開始日漸清晰。你只需要開始行動。”
“理想主義是好的，但要準備好被誤解。任何致力於一個偉大願景的人都會被稱作‘瘋狂’，即便你最終成功。任何努力解決複雜問題的人，都會被指責並不完全理解其中的挑戰，儘管剛開始並不可能知道一切。任何積極主動的人都會被批評行動太快，因為總有人想要讓你放慢腳步。
在這個社會裡，我們總是不去做一些事，因為我們太害怕犯錯，以至於我們寧願什麼都不做而避免，去忽略今天所有的錯事。現實是，我們做的任何事情未來都有可能會出問題，但這並不能妨礙我們開始。”
最後，他借用了一句禱告文，是他每次在面臨挑戰時會對自己說的，也是在想到他女兒Max的未來時會唱的一句話：May the source of strength, who blessed the ones before us, help us *find the courage* to make our lives a blessing.
並祝願2017屆畢業生“找到讓生活美好的勇氣”（find the courage to make your life a blessing）。
小劄在演講後發文說：“今天我在哈佛發表了畢業演講。這次演講對我個人來說很重要，我已經寫了很長時間。我的主旨是關於'目標’。作為千禧代（millennials)，找到我們的目標並不夠，我們這一代真正的挑戰是創造一個世界，其中每一個人都能有‘目標感’。這是真正幸福的關鍵，也是我們推動社會前進的唯一道路。”
紮克伯格2017哈佛畢業典禮演講英文全文如下：
Harvard Commencement 2017
President Faust, Board of Overseers, faculty, alumni, friends, proud parents, members of the ad board, and graduates of the greatest university in the world,
I'm honored to be with you today because, let's face it, you accomplished something I never could. If I get through this speech, it'll be the first time I actually finish something at Harvard. Class of 2017, congratulations!
I'm an unlikely speaker, not just because I dropped out, but because we're technically in the same generation. We walked this yard less than a decade apart, studied the same ideas and slept through the same Ec10 lectures. We may have taken different paths to get here, especially if you came all the way from the Quad, but today I want to share what I've learned about our generation and the world we're building together.
But first, the last couple of days have brought back a lot of good memories.How many of you remember exactly what you were doing when you got that email telling you that you got into Harvard? I was playing Civilization and I ran downstairs, got my dad, and for some reason, his reaction was to video me opening the email. That could have been a really sad video. I swear getting into Harvard is still the thing my parents are most proud of me for.
What about your first lecture at Harvard? Mine was Computer Science 121 with the incredible Harry Lewis. I was late so I threw on a t-shirt and didn't realize until afterwards it was inside out and backwards with my tag sticking out the front. I couldn't figure out why no one would talk to me -- except one guy, KX Jin, he just went with it. We ended up doing our problem sets together, and now he runs a big part of Facebook. And that, Class of 2017, is why you should be nice to people.
But my best memory from Harvard was meeting Priscilla. I had just launched this prank website Facemash, and the ad board wanted to "see me". Everyone thought I was going to get kicked out. My parents came to help me pack. My friends threw me a going away party. As luck would have it, Priscilla was at that party with her friend. We met in line for the bathroom in the Pfoho Belltower, and in what must be one of the all time romantic lines, I said: "I'm going to get kicked out in three days, so we need to go on a date quickly."
Actually, any of you graduating can use that line.I didn't end up getting kicked out -- I did that to myself. Priscilla and I started dating. And, you know, that movie made it seem like Facemash was so important to creating Facebook. It wasn't. But without Facemash I wouldn't have met Priscilla, and she's the most important person in my life, so you could say it was the most important thing I built in my time here.
We've all started lifelong friendships here, and some of us even families. That's why I'm so grateful to this place.Thanks, Harvard.
Today I want to talk about purpose. But I'm not here to give you the standard commencement about finding your purpose. We're millennials. We'll try to do that instinctively. Instead, I'm here to tell you finding your purpose isn't enough. The challenge for our generation is creating a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.
One of my favorite stories is when John F Kennedy visited the NASA space center, he saw a janitor carrying a broom and he walked over and asked what he was doing. The janitor responded: "Mr. President, I'm helping put a man on the moon".
Purpose is that sense that we are part of something bigger than ourselves, that we are needed, that we have something better ahead to work for. Purpose is what creates true happiness.
You're graduating at a time when this is especially important. When our parents graduated, purpose reliably came from your job, your church, your community. But today, technology and automation are eliminating many jobs. Membership in communities is declining. Many people feel disconnected and depressed, and are trying to fill a void.
As I've traveled around, I've sat with children in juvenile detention and opioid addicts, who told me their lives could have turned out differently if they just had something to do, an after school program or somewhere to go. I've met factory workers who know their old jobs aren't coming back and are trying to find their place.
To keep our society moving forward, we have a generational challenge -- to not only create new jobs, but create a renewed sense of purpose.
I remember the night I launched Facebook from my little dorm in Kirkland House. I went to Noch's with my friend KX. I remember telling him I was excited to connect the Harvard community, but one day someone would connect the whole world.
The thing is, it never even occurred to me that someone might be us. We were just college kids. We didn't know anything about that. There were all these big technology companies with resources. I just assumed one of them would do it. But this idea was so clear to us -- that all people want to connect. So we just kept moving forward, day by day.
I know a lot of you will have your own stories just like this. A change in the world that seems so clear you're sure someone else will do it. But they won't. You will.
But it's not enough to have purpose yourself. You have to create a sense of purpose for others.
I found that out the hard way. You see, my hope was never to build a company, but to make an impact. And as all these people started joining us, I just assumed that's what they cared about too, so I never explained what I hoped we'd build.
A couple years in, some big companies wanted to buy us. I didn't want to sell. I wanted to see if we could connect more people. We were building the first News Feed, and I thought if we could just launch this, it could change how we learn about the world.
Nearly everyone else wanted to sell. Without a sense of higher purpose, this was the startup dream come true. It tore our company apart. After one tense argument, an advisor told me if I didn't agree to sell, I would regret the decision for the rest of my life. Relationships were so frayed that within a year or so every single person on the management team was gone.
That was my hardest time leading Facebook. I believed in what we were doing, but I felt alone. And worse, it was my fault. I wondered if I was just wrong, an i mposter, a 22 year-old kid who had no idea how the world worked.
Now, years later, I understand that *is* how things work with no sense of higher purpose. It's up to us to create it so we can all keep moving forward together.
Today I want to talk about three ways to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose: by taking on big meaningful projects together, by redefining equality so everyone has the freedom to pursue purpose, and by building community across the world.
First, let's take on big meaningful projects.
Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self-driving cars and trucks. But we have the potential to do so much more together.
Every generation has its defining works. More than 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon – including that janitor. Millions of volunteers immunized children around the world against polio. Millions of more people built the Hoover dam and other great projects.
These projects didn't just provide purpose for the people doing those jobs, they gave our whole country a sense of pride that we could do great things.
Now it's our turn to do great things. I know, you're probably thinking: I don't know how to build a dam, or get a million people involved in anything.
But let me tell you a secret: no one does when they begin. Ideas don't come out fully formed. They only become clear as you work on them. You just have to get started.
If I had to understand everything about connecting people before I began, I never would have started Facebook.
Movies and pop culture get this all wrong. The idea of a single eureka moment is a dangerous lie. It makes us feel inadequate since we haven't had ours. It prevents people with seeds of good ideas from getting started. Oh, you know what else movies get wrong about innovation? No one writes math formulas on glass. That's not a thing.
It's good to be idealistic. But be prepared to be misunderstood. Anyone working on a big vision will get called crazy, even if you end up right. Anyone working on a complex problem will get blamed for not fully understanding the challenge, even though it's impossible to know everything upfront. Anyone taking initiative will get criticized for moving too fast, because there's always someone who wants to slow you down.
In our society, we often don't do big things because we're so afraid of making mistakes that we ignore all the things wrong today if we do nothing. The reality is, anything we do will have issues in the future. But that can't keep us from starting.
So what are we waiting for? It's time for our generation-defining public works. How about stopping climate change before we destroy the planet and getting millions of people involved manufacturing and installing solar panels? How about curing all diseases and asking volunteers to track their health data and share their genomes? Today we spend 50x more treating people who are sick than we spend finding cures so people don’t get sick in the first place. That makes no sense. We can fix this. How about modernizing democracy so everyone can vote online, and personalizing education so everyone can learn?
These achievements are within our reach. Let's do them all in a way that gives everyone in our society a role. Let's do big things, not only to create progress, but to create purpose.
So taking on big meaningful projects is the first thing we can do to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.
The second is redefining equality to give everyone the freedom they need to pursue purpose.
Many of our parents had stable jobs throughout their careers. Now we're all entrepreneurial, whether we're starting projects or finding or role. And that's great. Our culture of entrepreneurship is how we create so much progress.
Now, an entrepreneurial culture thrives when it's easy to try lots of new ideas. Facebook wasn't the first thing I built. I also built games, chat systems, study tools and music players. I'm not alone. JK Rowling got rejected 12 times before publishing Harry Potter. Even Beyonce had to make hundreds of songs to get Halo. The greatest successes come from having the freedom to fail.
But today, we have a level of wealth inequality that hurts everyone. When you don't have the freedom to take your idea and turn it into a historic enterprise, we all lose. Right now our society is way over-indexed on rewarding success and we don't do nearly enough to make it easy for everyone to take lots of shots.
Let's face it. There is something wrong with our system when I can leave here and make billions of dollars in 10 years while millions of students can't afford to pay off their loans, let alone start a business.
Look, I know a lot of entrepreneurs, and I don't know a single person who gave up on starting a business because they might not make enough money. But I know lots of people who haven't pursued dreams because they didn't have a cushion to fall back on if they failed.
We all know we don't succeed just by having a good idea or working hard. We succeed by being lucky too. If I had to support my family growing up instead of having time to code, if I didn't know I'd be fine if Facebook didn't work out, I wouldn't be standing here today. If we're honest, we all know how much luck we've had.
Every generation expands its definition of equality. Previous generations fought for the vote and civil rights. They had the New Deal and Great Society. Now it's our time to define a new social contract for our generation.
We should have a society that measures progress not just by economic metrics like GDP, but by how many of us have a role we find meaningful. We should explore ideas like universal basic income to give everyone a cushion to try new things. We’re going to change jobs many times, so we need affordable childcare to get to work and healthcare that aren't tied to one company. We're all going to make mistakes, so we need a society that focuses less on locking us up or stigmatizing us. And as technology keeps changing, we need to focus more on continuous education throughout our lives.
And yes, giving everyone the freedom to pursue purpose isn't free. People like me should pay for it. Many of you will do well and you should too.
That's why Priscilla and I started the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative and committed our wealth to promoting equal opportunity. These are the values of our generation. It was never a question of if we were going to do this. The only question was when.
Millennials are already one of the most charitable generations in history. In one year, three of four US millennials made a donation and seven out of ten raised money for charity.
But it's not just about money. You can also give time. I promise you, if you take an hour or two a week -- that's all it takes to give someone a hand, to help them reach their potential.
Maybe you think that's too much time. I used to. When Priscilla graduated from Harvard she became a teacher, and before she'd do education work with me, she told me I needed to teach a class. I complained: "Well, I'm kind of busy. I'm running this company." But she insisted, so I taught a middle school program on entrepreneurship at the local Boys and Girls Club.
I taught them lessons on product development and marketing, and they taught me what it's like feeling targeted for your race and having a family member in prison. I shared stories from my time in school, and they shared their hope of one day going to college too. For five years now, I’ve been having dinner with those kids every month. One of them threw me and Priscilla our first baby shower. And next year they’re going to college. Every one of them. First in their families.
We can all make time to give someone a hand. Let's give everyone the freedom to pursue their purpose -- not only because it's the right thing to do, but because when more people can turn their dreams into something great, we're all better for it.
Purpose doesn't only come from work. The third way we can create a sense of purpose for everyone is by building community. And when our generation says "everyone", we mean everyone in the world.
Quick show of hands: how many of you are from another country? Now, how many of you are friends with one of these folks? Now we're talking. We have grown up connected.
In a survey asking millennials around the world what defines our identity, the most popular answer wasn't nationality, religion or ethnicity, it was "citizen of the world". That's a big deal.
Every generation expands the circle of people we consider "one of us". For us, it now encompasses the entire world.
We understand the great arc of human history bends towards people coming together in ever greater numbers -- from tribes to cities to nations -- to achieve things we couldn't on our own.
We get that our greatest opportunities are now global -- we can be the generation that ends poverty, that ends disease.
We get that our greatest challenges need global responses too -- no country can fight climate change alone or prevent pandemics. Progress now requires coming together not just as cities or nations, but also as a global community.
But we live in an unstable time. There are people left behind by globalization across the world. It's hard to care about people in other places if we don’t feel good about our lives here at home. There’s pressure to turn inwards.
This is the struggle of our time. The forces of freedom, openness and global community against the forces of authoritarianism, isolationism and nationalism. Forces for the flow of knowledge, trade and immigration against those who would slow them down. This is not a battle of nations, it's a battle of ideas. There are people in every country for global connectio n and good people against it.
This isn't going to be decided at the UN either. It's going to happen at the local level, when enough of us feel a sense of purpose and stability in our own lives that we can open up and start caring about everyone. The best way to do that is to start building local communities right now.
We all get meaning from our communities. Whether our communities are houses or sports teams, churches or music groups, they give us that sense we are part of something bigger, that we are not alone; they give us the strength to expand our horizons.
That's why it's so striking that for decades, membership in all kinds of groups has declined as much as one-quarter.
That's a lot of people who now need to find purpose somewhere else.But I know we can rebuild our communities and start new ones because many of you already are.
I met Agnes Igoye, who's graduating today. Where are you, Agnes? She spent her childhood navigating conflict zones in Uganda, and now she trains thousands of law enforcement officers to keep communities safe.
I met Kayla Oakley and Niha Jain, graduating today, too. Stand up. Kayla and Niha started a non-profit that connects people suffering from illnesses with people in their communities willing to help.
I met David Razu Aznar, graduating from the Kennedy School today. David, stand up. He’s a former city councilor who successfully led the battle to make Mexico City the first Latin American city to pass marriage equality -- even before San Francisco.
This is my story too. A student in a dorm room, connecting one community at a time, and keeping at it until one day we connect the whole world.
Change starts local. Even global changes start small -- with people like us. In our generation, the struggle of whether we connect more, whether we achieve our biggest opportunities, comes down to this -- your ability to build communities and create a world where every single person has a sense of purpose.
Class of 2017, you are graduating into a world that needs purpose. It's up to you to create it.
Now, you may be thinking: can I really do this?
Remember when I told you about that class I taught at the Boys and Girls Club? One day after class I was talking to them about college, and one of my top students raised his hand and said he wasn't sure he could go because he's undocumented. He didn't know if they'd let him in.
Last year I took him out to breakfast for his birthday. I wanted to get him a present, so I asked him and he started talking about students he saw struggling and said "You know, I'd really just like a book on social justice."
I was blown away. Here's a young guy who has every reason to be cynical. He didn't know if the country he calls home -- the only one he's known -- would deny him his dream of going to college. But he wasn't feeling sorry for himself. He wasn't even thinking of himself. He has a greater sense of purpose, and he's going to bring people along with him.
It says something about our current situation that I can't even say his name because I don't want to put him at risk.
But if a high school senior who doesn't know what the future holds can do his part to move the world forward, then we owe it to the world to do our part too.
Before you walk out those gates one last time, as we sit in front of Memorial Church, I am reminded of a prayer, Mi Shebeirach, that I say whenever I face a challenge, that I sing to my daughter thinking about her future when I tuck her into bed. It goes:
"May the source of strength, who blessed the ones before us, help us *find the courage* to make our lives a blessing."
I hope you find the courage to make your life a blessing.
Congratulations, Class of '17! Good luck out there.